Steam-turbine.



c. B. RBARIGK. STEAM TURBINE.

APPLIUATION FILED FEB. 20, 1912.

Patented Jemi 13, 1914 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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Illl'y mi I 11o/Mfrs C. B. RBARICK.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLIOATIQN FILED Puzo, 1912.

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CHARLES BEMIS BEARICK, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO CONNECTICUT TURBINE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, F NEW LONDON, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

STEAM-TURBINE.

Application filed Febru Bannion, 'a citizen. of the United States, and.

resident of the city, county, and State of' New York, have made a certain new and useful Invention Relating to Steamllurbines, -of which the following is a specifica tion, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form part of the same.

In the accompanying drawings showing illustrative embodiments of this invention in,

a somewhat diagrammatic way, Figure l is ber.

parts -being .broken away. Fig. 2 is a trans verse partial section along the line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a -detail of a modified admission device. Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view corresponding to Figi Fig. 5. is a detail showing another retainer rod mounting. Fig. (i is a similar detail showing still another retaiiierviiiounting for a. nozzle niem- Fig. T- is an enlarged transverse section taken substantially along the line 7--7 of Fig. et.' Fig. 8 is a detail sectional view through the wheel bucket and return passage taken substantially along the line 8-8 of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectional view showing the packingdevices used in Fig. 1. I1`ig. 10 is a view of another packing ring; and Fig. 1l is a sectional view showsii ing the same in position.

In the -illustrative form 0f turbine slimvu somewhat diagrauimatically inFigs. 1 and 2, the casing of the turbine. may be -formed as by casting in several longitudinal sections each provided with suitable partitions such as 1G to form wheel. chambers within the casing and also being'provided with securing flanges, such as G, for connecting the casing sections firmly in relative position. The nozzles may be conveniently mounted in the casing in longitudinally alined nozzle apertures, such as 21, bored or otherwise 'foi-med therein and the casing is preferably provided with an integral annular admission passage. such'as 8, which may cooperate with a high pressure wheel chambeiof considerably larger diameter than some ot the other lower pressure chambers. The nozzle iiieiiibe'rs, such as A10, in thishigh pressure wheel chamber may be securedin position in nozzle apertures, such as 9, bored longitudinally through the projecting high pressure Specification of Letters Patent.

ary 20, 1912. Serial No. 678,828.

Patented 112111.13, 1914.

nozzle members tobe securedin these nozzle apertures Instead of an integral admission passage to admit steam or other elastic fluid to the turbine a separate annular admission pipe, such as 13, may be used for this purpose and may have supply branches 111 con.-

iiected by suitable flanges such as 15, with connections to each of the nozzle members 10 in the high pressure chamber.

The bucketed wheel, such as 5, in the high 'pressure chamber mayliave considerably larger diameter than the Wheels 4 in one or ,more of the other lower pressure chambers of the turbine so that this high pressure wheel because of its larger diameter can have a lcorrespondingly greater peripheral speed 'which is desirable in operating most efficiently with the `high pressure steamwith lwhich it is supplied. This turbine wheel 5 of any desired construction may be rigidly mounted in any desired way on a shaft, such as 1, running iu suitable bearings in the casing and this shaft -may also carry other wheels, such as 1, in the other wheel chambers, the lower pressure chambers havingitf desired several wheels in each chamber so as to handle more cfliciently the larger volume ot steam. These turbine Wheels may each be formed with an annular series of lapped buckets` arranged in any desired way adjacent' their periphery as by forii'iing the buckets iii the flat side or in the circuinfereiitial portion of the wheel and if desired the buckets S1 may be in the circumferential part of lthe wheel and located between integral partitions cast with Vthe lwheel rim itself. The entire wheel may be formed of cast material provided with an integral hub cooperating with the shaft as in the case of. the wlieelli shown in Fig'. 1 and the high pressure wheel 5 may be similarly foi-ined as indicated in Fig. 3. lf desired,i however, one or morev of the. wheels' may be` formed with a cast rim provided with integral bucket partitions and this iin'i may .be formed `with a suitable rim flange 19 as shown iu Figs. 1 and 4 with which separate web plates, such as 17 may copcrate and be firmly held in position as by the seri-es of rivets or bolts 18. These weh plates may be firmly secured to the wheel hub of any desired construction as by formingihese'web ing hub flanges or alining collars 70 engagi ing the packing in position is shown in liig.

ing the hub 71 and held 1n alinement therewith while rivet-s or bolts,' such as 18, may firml secure these web plates to the projecting an e 69 on the hu In or er to detect and control any possibleA leakage between the wheel chambers, it is desirable to form suitable telltale passages in the partitions, so that in the eyent of leakage o1. mot-ive fluid across such partitions the steam or the like would issue from such-telltale passages and call attention to such leakused between the casing sections.

firmly holds the parts 'in position.

age so that repairs may be made. Suitable substantially radial telltale passages, such as 7 may be formed in the partitions 16 as indicated in Fics. l and 2, these telltale passages being pre' erably alined in the meeting edgesof tie coperating casinav partitions, and if `desired a transverse tellta e hole, such as 97,V may be made in the casing flange 6 so as to communicate with both of these telltale passages and also penetrate thepacking l2 o any desired description which may be For some purposes it is desirable to have a suitable telltale valve 96 to control the discharge of fluid from the telltale hole 97 sothat this valve may be opened when desired to test for leakageinto the corresponding telltale passages. passages 7 may be formed around the inner Asurface of the admission passage 8, for eX- spect to .the casing by bringing their circumferential portions into contact with the axial bore through the casing partitions. The packing housings may be readily secured in position by casting into the doveta il recesses suitable Babbitt or other fusible metal which It deshed, the shaft l may be provided with a suitable bearino' sleeve such as 74 to co'nerb a a l ate with the packing ring and this bearingl sleeve may be held 1n position'betivecn the Awheel 'hubs 72 by forming the calking grooves 75 in the sleeve. Any suitable me` tallic 'packing may be mounted within the acking housing, the sectional packing ring 6 being illustrated as formed with a suitable butt lapped joint 73, the ring sectionsl being held in position in any desired way as byn the inclosing spring rin 80, which may be "snapped in placev aroun the sections of "the 4packing Another method of hold- Similarly alined curved telltale lil in which they bearing portion of the casing partition 16 is shown as formed with a suitable recess which may be machined so as to accommodate the packing housino` 82 which may be firmly secured therein by t ie calking grtfoves 75. This packing housing may accommodate a packing ring of any *desired construction and a suitable form of packing ring for cooperation therewith may comprise a plurality ot' rings which may each be turned up and then severed 'into the desired number of ring sections or segments 77 formed with suitable sockets 7 9 at their meeting ends into which are fitted pins'78 accurate-ly iilling the sockets and cach having a length equal to the thickness ot the adjacent ring sections to allow swiveling thereof. Two such built-up rings may have their 4socket pins'78 spaced'apart as indicatedin Fig. l() so as to make ,a substantially steam tight packing ring which may be heldin place on the bearing sleeve by suitable spring rings or coils, such as 80.

Suitable retainers for holding the nozzle members and their connected supporting nozzle tubes in position are shown in Fig. 4 in which the retainer member or rod 25 u ay have itsend cooperate with a suitable scat 23 in thei nozzle member il() and the threaded end of this retainer rod may cooperate with the threaded retainer spider or crow foot .ZQvcope'ra-ting with the alined nozzle aperture 2l in the casing' partition` on t-he opposite side of the wheel chamber without undesirably retarding the flow of motive fluid through vsuch. nozzle aperture, accurate alinement being secured if desired by the use of suitable alining lugs 4:2 on the spider. The parts may be properly assembled by inserting thro-ugh the nozzle aper-V ture a suitable wrench or other device to engage and turn from outside the end of the casing the square head 26 which may be formed on the retainer rod and screw up this rod so as torforce the nozzle member l() tightly into cooperation withthenozzle aperioo ture Q1 in'the opposite partition, in connec- A tion with which suitable packing may bc used if desired, the nozzle member being it desired fors ed with a supportingnozzle tube having a suitable flange 28 which may cooperate with a suitable recess in the partition. Then the retainer rod is tight enough to hold the parts securely in position the locking nut 27 may be screwedhome to prevent loosening, although ot course the parts may be rexroved by first loosening this lock nut and thenv loosening the .threaded rctainer bar by a. suitable wrench or other instrument coperating with its head 2G or with any suitable part on the body lof the. bar such as the nut 24 which may be formed thereon. If desired theretainer bar 29 cooperating with the nozzle member inone of va suitable valve handle, suoli as 53.

the outer wheel chambers may cooperate' with a suitable retainer washerl-l which may have aportion Ptting within the alined hole in the outer partition of the casing, the threaded end of this retainer rod having a suitable head or socket, such as32, to be engaged bya wrench in tightening 'the same so as to force the other end of this retainer rod into the seat 2 3 in the nozzle member 10 to hold itI in proper cooperation with the alined nozzle aperture 21. A suitable set nut 30 may be used on this retainer,` rod and a threaded plug 33 may be screwed by the -head 34 into the threaded outer end of' the alined aperture so as to' close the same. A similar form of retainer is shown in Figs. 1 and for holding the high pres- 'sure nozzle members in. position to coperate with the h-igh pressure wheel 5; Fig. 5 showsjanother arrangement. in which the lock nutl 38 is arranged on the'outside of the threaded lug 37 whiclris screwed into the threaded ole in the outer partition oi the casing, the square head 3G on t-he outer end of the retainer rod 29 serving to operate it to hold the coperating lnozzle niez'.- ber-in proper osition a'nd if desired a suitable cap 35 ing screwed into place to cover the head and lock nut'.

Fig. 6 shows another 4form of retainer device in whichthe retainer spider 22 is located on the other side of the partition 16 on which theconne'cted nozzle member 10 is located so that both the retainer spider and nozzle may 'coperate with the saine nozzle aperture 21. The retainer rod 39 in this instance extends through the nozzle aperture preferably adjacent the side thereof which 1s away from the turbine -wheel and the threaded ends of'this retainer rod maybe' engaged by suitable nuts, such as 40, 41, to hold the supporting nozzle tube having the lia'nge '28 and thc connected nozzle member in proper position with respect to t-he tur` .bine w ieel. A

The nozzle member may, if desired` 'be formed integra-l with the supporting tube -as by casting or otherwise and as indicated in Fig. T the nozzle member may be. provided with the passage 121 substantially in lille with the alined nozzle aperture 21 so as to supply mot-ive fluid to the initial injecting nozzle 48 of any desired form. F or some purposes it is desirable to have a nozzle valve to control the amount of lluid supplied to each injecting nozzle or to cul oil' all luid supplied thereto and this may be convenientlweffected by mounting a suitable.,`

nozzle valve 49 within the recess 50 in the nozzle member and operating this valve by the connected-stem 51 having a threaded portion (35 extending through the turbine casing and provided onits outer end with 'lhis allows each injecting nozzle to be separately closed so that, for instance, the alternate nozzles cooperating with each wheel may be shutoff when desired `and the vamount ot Huid admitted to each injecting nozzle can ofcourse be suitably regulated.

The turbine wheel, such as 4, may be formed with suitable partitions l5G to form the annular series ot lapping curved buckets 8l in the circiii'nterencc of the wheel, cach preferably haying an admission side making the same angle with thewheel circumfer- -ence. rFliese bucket partitions 5G are preferably formed with beveled rear edges so as to direct the steam into the buckets to the best advantage. the discharge portions of .the bucket partitions being preferably bevcled on their forward edges as indicated in dot and dash lines lin Fig. 7. Also if desired suitable recesses, such as 59, may be lformed in the inner side of cach bucket adjacent the bucket bottoms so as to make the buckets ot substantially uniform thickness at this point. 'lhe injecting steam is of course l-noving faster than the turbine wheel so that the steam tends lo collect or bank up against. the forward flat sides of the.

buckets adjacent their bottoms in case the' bucket bottoms are made with square sections. I"or this reason it is more desirable to form the curved bucket bottoms with suitable oblique recesses, such as 57, adjacent vtheir rear sides so as to cause the streams of tluid passing through the buckets to spill or move back along these cbliqucly recessed bucket bottoms Aand equalize the distribution of fiuid at'ithispoint. The angle of the recesses in the curved bucket bottoms may be made 'suliicient to secure the sul'istantially uniform distribution of tle stream of steam or other motive fluid at this point, as is indicated diagrammatically by the substantially uniform steam layers 9S and so forth. The partitions forming the annular series oflapping buckets maybe curyed or warped in any desired way sous -to give the discharge side of a wheel bucket a different. angle` in the plane of the wheels rotation, from the admission side of the bucket. By backwardly bending or warping the bucket sides the angular advance of the wheel during the time the lluid remains in the. bucket may be compensated for and other disturbing forces of the wheel taken care oi". as well as absorbing more energy from the motive luid which exerts a more `continuous pressure against the backwardl)y warped bucketside which may with good rcsults be substantially uniformly warped backward from its admission portion so as to discharge ilrc fluid `from the wheel bucket at subslantially the .same angle as it is injected imo the admission portion thereof.'

Such warped bucket sides are hown in Fig. 7, the admission portions ot the buckets 56 being shown in section and the-'backwardly warped discharge portions of the buckets being shown iii dot and dash line to indicate that they 4are in front of the Vline of section which is4 taken substantially through the admission sideof the buckets as will be seen from'the section line 7-7 of Fig. 4 which shows the "offset center portions 54 between the admission portions Q56 and discharge portions, 58 of the bucket sides or partitions.

As shown in Fig. 7 the injectingnozzles -48'of the nozzle members are preferably lin line with the sides of the coperating bucket so as to'inject the motiveffluid directly into lthe same and in order to -utilize the motive i -advancing return passages preferably has its receiving a'nd returning portions parallel in order to makek the motive fluid more 4effective and these return passages may be formed by providing suitable integralV diaphragme,

such vas 86, 87 and 88 within the nozzle or return-member 10. In order to equalize the distribution of steam or other motive fluid in the advancing return passages each return Ipassage may have its curved bottom obliquely recessed at its forward -portion so I as to promote the forward spilling or sliding of the motive fluid at the bottom, of the return' passage and'A return to the wheel a. substantially .uniformly distributed stream of motive fluid. The angle of the oblique recess 47-in the bottom of the return passage may be arranged so as to secure the roper equalizing action and as indicated in iiis. 7 and'A 8 a suitable distributing flange, sui asv 46, may if desired also be formed on the rearward wall or ,diaphragm so as to project into vthe return passage adjacent its cui-.ved bottom and exert the desired distrib- J uting action on the fluid stream at this point while leaving the receiving portion of the' return passage and-itsA returning portion e'iit-irely freefrom any obstruction. AThe distributing flange 46 may as .indicated have a slightly curved crosssection and 'may'project about half way into the return passage 83, althou h if -desired the distributing flange may be su stantially parallel -tothe recessed curved bottom 4Z f the return passage 'as in the case of the distributing flange 45 projecting somewhat farther into the return passage`84. The'distribuing flange '44 projecting into the return passage 85 makes a suitable angle with its recessed bottom-.so as to be at substantially 'right angles to th diaphragm -87 on which the distributing flange'is munted,"it V being ofcourse under.

stood thatany gfhese lforms of distributing flanges may be used in all of the return passages or the return passages may be formedwithout distributing flanges.

,The course of the motive fluid can be understood by reference to Figs. 7 and 8, the steam or other fluid being injected through the injecting nozzle 48 so as to enter the 4bucket parallel to the Abucket sides and form a fluid stream, such as v98 therein. The dot and dash lines 101, 102 show somewhat diagrainiatically the course of this stream of fluid through the return passage 83 leaving the bckwardrwarped discharge portion 'of the bucket until it -is again returned to thel succeeding bucket in a parallel direction substantially parallel to the sides of this bucket.

such as 94S), whose cross-'section may be substantially equalized by the obliquelyf recessed buckctbottoin, this fluid streainpassing out of the backwardly warped discharge portion 'ofthebucket and through the sec-` ond return passage S4 as indicated by the' dot and dash lines 103, 104 so as to be again 'returned ina parallel direction to the succeeding wheel bucket to form the fluid stream 1'00 therein. This fluid may as indicated bereceived into the return passage 85 andv discharged therefrom in a parallel `direction as indicated by the -dot and dash The motive fluid passing' through this bucket forms a fluid stream,

lints 105,100 so as to pass through the wheel buckets the desired number of times before it is allowed to discharge into the wheel4 chamber. I

The nozzle members` may be arranged around the wheel at the desired intervals and may be connected together so as to more rigidly hold them in alinement by forming suitable projecting` iortions oi' lugs of the proper length to cooperate with the succeeding nozzle niember preferably adjacent its supporting tube as byhaving the connecting lug 62 on one nozzle member engage a su'itable ulining or connecting hole ,03 in the next member, or' if desired the connecting lugs may be seated in suitable recesses, such as G1, in supports GO connected in any desired way. to the partition oi` other portion of the tui-bine casing and preferably used adjacent the meeting edge or flanges 6 of the divided casing. The nozzle -menibei's may be spaced ,somewhat farther apart than` shown in Fig. 7, as .is diagrammaticully indicated bythe -brokeii'line at t-heforward portions o-f the pozzle'members and the forward ends of the nozzlemeinbers may be relieved or recessed at the discharge side or portion of the turbine wheel so as to allow the discharge of fluid therefrom intothe wheel casing at this point,

The turbuiemwlieels may be conveniently formed of cast iron, bronze,stee1 or other de-4 `Sired material by the process described in the HQDSQA .and Rearick ,Patent AN 'l,008,478

of November 14, 1911. By the use of specially shaped cores formed in correspondingcore boxes the bucket partitions in the wheel may be .given the desiredbackward warping and the turbine buckets may be formed with the bottom recesses and relieved portions as previously described. The rear edges of the bucket partitions may of course be beveled to some extent when originally cast or may be subsequently beveled to the desired extent by obvious means.

Having described this invention in connection with a number of illustrative embodiments, forms, proportions, numbers of parts, arrangements, materials and processes of manufacture, to the details of which disclosure the invention is not of course to be limited, what isclaimed as new and what is desired to be secured is set forth in the appended claims.

I claim- 1. In elastic fluid turbines, a longitudinally divided casing provided with partitions forming wheel chambers', an annular admission passage formed in said casing, the high pressure wheel. chamber cooperating with said admission passage being of greater diameter than another wheel chamber, said casing having alined nozzle apertures formed in said partitions and nozzle apertures in the high pressure wheel chamber beyond the body ot' said casing, a shaft carrying in said chambers bucketed turbine wheels having bucket sides backwardly warped from their admission to their discharge portions, the

wheel in said high pressure chamber being of greater diameter than another of said wheels, a series of supporting nozzles coperating with said noz'zlc apertures and having return members connected therewith and formed with return passages having parallel receiving and returning portions coperating with the buckets ot' said wheels, retainers to hold said supporting nozzles vin said nozzle apertures, said casing partitions being provided with cast dovetail recesses, packing housings secured in said recesses,

. metallic packing copcrating withsaid shaft and mounted in said packing housings, said casing being formed with alined telltale passages in the meeting edges of some of said partitions, packing interposed between the sections of said casing, a transverse telltale hole through said casing and packing to join said telltale passages and a telltale valve connected to said hole to controlthe discharge of material from said telltale passages.

nally divided casing provided with partitions forming wheel chambers. said casing having alined nozzle apertures' formed in said partitions,'a shaft carrying insaid chambers bucketed turbine wheels haring 2. In elastic fluid turbines, a longitudi-` admission to their discharge portions, a series of supporting nozzles cooperating with said nozzle apertures and having return members connected therewith and termed with return passages having pa allcl receiv ing and returning portions cooperating with the buckets of said wheels, retainers to hold said supporting nozzles-in said nozzle apertures, sald casing partitions being provided with cast dovetail recesses, packing housings secured in said recesses, metallic packing cooperating with said shaft and mounted in said packing housings, said casing being formed with alined telltale passages. in the meeting edges of some of said partitions, packing interposed between the sections of said casing, a transverse telltale hole through said casing and packing to join said telltale passages and a telltale valve connected to said hole to control the discharge ot material from said telltale passage.

`3. In elastic fluid turbines, a longitudinally divided casing provided with partitions forming wheel chambers, said casing having alined 'nozzle apertures formed in said partitions, a shaft carrying in said chambers -bucketed turbine wheels having bucket sides backwardly warped from their admission to their discharge portions, a series of supporting nozzles cooperating with said nozzle apertures and having return members connected therewith and formed with return passages having parallel receivwith integral inclined partitions forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets, said bucket sides being substantially uniformly warped backward from their admission portions to discharge the fluid from saidbuckets substantially parallel to the receiving portions of said b ets,

the curved bucket bottomsbeing obliquely recessed at their rearward portions 'to equalize the fluid streams passing therethrough, a

series of nozzles and connected nozzle members each formed with a series olf advancing return passages, each of saidreturn passages having substantially parallel receiving and ,returning portions to receive and deliver fluid, to the wheel buckets at substantially the same angle, the curved bottoms of said return passages being obliquely recessed at their forward portions to equalize the fluid bucket sides backwardly warped from their streams passing therethrough, therebeing curved distrilniting flanges projecting into said rel urn passaf adjacent the bottoms thereof.

ln elastic fluid turbines, a casing provined with a wheel chai'nber, a turbine wheel in said chamber provided with inclined partition. 'forming the sides o' an annular series oli' lappi L curved buckets, said bucket sides being` substantially uniformly warped backward troni their admission portions to discharge the l'luid from said buckets substantiallj,7 parallel to the receiving portions ot saidybucln-ilsthe curved bucket bottoms being obliquely recessed at their rearward portions to equalize the lluid streams Apassing therethrough, a series of nozzles and con- .d nozzle members each formed with a said return passages having substantially parallel receiving and returning portions, the curved bottoms ot said return passages being obliquely recessed at their forward portions to equalize the tluid streainspassing therethrough.

"(5. ln elastic fluid turbines, a caising provided with a wheel chamber; a turbinewheel in said chamber provided with inclined partitions forming the sides of an annular se ries of lapping curved buckets, said bucket sides being warped backward from their ad mission portions the curved bucket bottoms being obliquely recessed at their rearward portions to equalize the fluid streams passing therethrough,' a series of `nozzles and nozzle members each formed with a series of advancing return passages, each of said return passages having substantially paralf lel receiving and returning portions.

7. ln elastic fluid' turbines, a casing ro vided with a wheel chamber, a turbine w reel in said chamber provided with inclined partitions forming the sides of an annular series ot lapping curved buckets, said bucket sidesbeing warped backward from their admission 'portiona a series of nozzles and nozzle members cach "formed with a series of ad- -vancing return passages, each of said return passages l'iaving substantially parallel re# ceiving and returning portions.

8. .ln elastic liuid turbines, a casing provided with a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel in said chamber provided with inclined `backwardlj7 warped bucket partitions form ling the sides oit an annular series of lapplng Vcurval buckets, a series ot nozzles and nozof advancing return passages, each ofbeing a cur-ved portions, 4the curved bucket-bottoms being obliquely recessed at their rearward portions to equalize the fluid streams passing therethrough, a nozzle and connected nozzle member formed with an advancing return passage, said return passage having substantially' parallel receiving and returning Yportions -to receive and deliver fluid to the wheel buckets at' substantially 'the same angle.

10. ln elastic fluid turbines, a casing pro. vided with a wheel chamber, a turbme wheel in said chamber provided with backwardl'y warped buckets, an annular series of la ping curved buckets, a nozzle and connecte( noz zle member formed with an advancing re.- turn passage, said return passage having y substantially parallel eceivmg and returndeliver Huid to the wheel buckets at substantially the same angle, a part of said return passage being obliquely recessed at its forward portion to equalize the fluid streams passing therethrough.

l2. ln elastic fluid turbines, a casing pro.- vided with a wheel chamber, a turbine Wheel in said chamber provided with an annular series of lappingcurved buckets, a nozzle and connected nozzle member formed with an advancing return passage, said return passage having substantially parallel receiving and returning portions to receive and deliver fluid to the wheel buckets at substantially the same angle, the curved bottom of said return passage being obliquely recessed al its forward portion to e ualize the fluid streams passing therethroi'lg 13. In 4elastic fluid turbines, a casing rovided with a wheel chamber, a turbine w eel in said chamber provided with integral inclined partitions forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets in the wheel circumference, -said bucket sides being warped backward from their admi`ssion portions to discharge the Huid from said buckets substantially parallel to the receivingportions of Vsaid buckets, a nozzle and a connected nozzle member formed with an advancing return passage, said return passage having substantially parallel receiving and returning portions, the curved', bottom of said return passage being oblquly recessed at'its forward portion to equalize the fluid streamscpassingtherethrough, there lstributing lflange projectnular series of lapping curved bncketsin the wheel cii'cuinference, said bucket sides i heilig ivai'ped backward from thei'radmission portions, a nozzle and a connected nozzle member Formed with an advancing return passage, said return passage having substantially parallel receiving and returning portions, there being a curved distributing flange projecting into said return pas-` sage adjacent'the bottom thereof.

l5. In elastic fluid turbines, a casing provided with a wheel chamber, a turbine wheel in said chamber provided with inclined partitions forming the sides of an annular series oi lapping curved buckets in the wheel circumference, a nozzle and a nozzle member formed with an advancing return passage, said return passage having substantlally parallel receiving and returning portions,

therebeing a curved distributing Harige pro-- iecting into said return passage adjacent the bottom thereof.

16. In elastic fluid turbines,A a turbinev wheel having an integral cast rim provided-- with inclined partitions forming'the Sides* ot' an annular series of lapping curvedbuckets, said bucket sides being .substantially uniformly warped backward from their admission portions-to discharge the fluid Jfrom said buckets substantially pard allel to the receiving portions of said buckcts, the curved bucket bottoms being obliquely recessed at their-'rearward portions to equalize the fluid streams passing tliere through, a nozzleand advancing return passage having substantially parallel receiving and returning portions, the curved bottoms .of'said return passages being obliquely re ccssed attheiil forward portions to equalize the fluid streams passing therethrough.

1 7. In elastic fluid turbines, a turbine wheel having an integral rim provided with 'inclined partitions forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets, said bucket sides being warped backward from theirA admission portions,'the curved bucket bottoms being` obliquelyrecessed at their rearward portions to equalize the fluid- 5,5v

streams passing therethrough, a nozzleand advancing return passage, having substanvtially parallel receiving and returning poi'- tions, the curved bottoms of said return passages being obliquely recessed at their forward poi-tions to equalize the Huid streams passing therethrough.

18.111 elastic fluid turbines. a turbine wheel having an integral cast run provided with inclined partitions forming the sides of .anannular series of lapping curved -sides being warped. a nozzle ani buckets, said bucketsides being warped, the curved bucket bottoms beingobliquely recessed at their rearward portions to equalize the luid streams passing therethrough, a nozzle and advancing return passage, havingl substantially parallel receiving and returning portions, the curved bottoms of said return passages being obliquely recessed at their lorwaril portions to equalize the fluidA streams passing therethrou h.

lil. ln elasticA llnid tur iines, a turbine wlicel having an integral rini provided with inclined partitions forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets. said vbucket sides being warped, a nozzle and advancing return passage having substan-` tially parallel receiving and returning portions.

' 20. In elastic fluid turbines, an integral -ast turbinewhecl provided -witli inclined partitions forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets, said bucket sides being warped backward from their admission iortions to discharge the tiuid from said buckets substantially parallel to the receivinc poiutionsof said buckets, the curved their rearward portions to e iialize the fluid streams passing theretliroiigi, a nozzle and. return passage, having substantially paral- --lel receiving and returning portions, the -curved bottoms ot' said return passages being obliquely recessed to equalizethe tluid streams passing theretln'o-ugh.

21. In elastic iiuid turbines, an integral cast turbine wheel provided with inclinedA partitions forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets, said bucket sides being warped backward .from theirn admission portions, the curved bucket bot vtcnisbeingobliqiiely recessed at their rearward portions lo equalize the Huid streams passingtherethrough, a nozzle and return passage having substantially para llcl receiving and returning portions.

22. In elastic fluid turbines, an integral cast turbine wheel provided with inclined partitions forming the sidesof an annular series ol lapping curved buckets, said bucket sides being substantially uniformly warped backward from their admission portions, a nozzle and return passage having substantiallyparallel receiving and returning portions. i

In elastic fluid turbines. an integral cast turbine wheel. n'ovided w'itli inclined partitions forming tieisides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets, said bucket return passage having siiliatanlially paralle receiving and returning portions.

The elastic,liuidjturbine wheel having an integral cast web and rim provided with inclined `parlitioiis having beveled i'carcdges 'forming the' sides of an annular series of ibucketbottoms being obliquely recessed at lapping curved buckets in lthe wheel circumference, said buckets being formed with re cesses in their inner sides adjacent their bottoms to increase their bottom thickness, said bucket sides being substantially uniformly warped backward from theirv admission portions to discharge the fluid from said buckets ruibstantially parallel to the receiving Vportions of said buckets, the curved bucket bottoms being obliquely recessed at their rearward portions to equalizev the fluid streams passing therethrough.

25. The elastic fluid turbine wheel having an integral castweb and rim provided with inclined partit-ions having beveled rear edgesl forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets in the wheel circumference, said bucket sides beingsubstair.

o't lapping curved-'buckets in 'the wheel cir- 1unference, said bucket sides being Warped backward from their admission portions.

27. The elastic fluid turbine wheel having an integral cast rim provided with inclined partitions forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets in the wheel circumference, said bucket sides being warped backward from their admission portions.

The elastic fluid, turbine wheel provided with integrally castinclined partitions havingbeveled rear edges forming the sides of an annular .series of lapping curved buckets, saidbucket sides being substantially uniformly warped backward from their admission portions to discharge the fluid from said buckets substantially parallel to the receiving portions of said buckets, the curved bucket bottoms being obliquely recessed at their rearward port-ions to equalize the fluid streams passing therethrouffh.

Q9. The elasticl fluid tur ine wheel provided with integrally cast inclined partitions t'or'niing the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets, said bucket sides being warped backward from their admission portions, the curved bucket bottoms being recessed to equalize the fluid streams passing therethrough.

30. The elastic fluid turbine wheel provided with integr-alb7 cast inclined partitions t'orlning the sides of an annular series of lapping cur-ved buckets, said bucket sides heilig warped from their admission portions.

3l. The elastic l'luid turbine wheel provided with inclined partitions having bev-v eled rear edgesr forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets, said buckets being formed with recesses in their inner sides adjacent their bottoms to increase their bottom thickness, said bucket. sides being substantially uniformly warped backward from their admission portionsI to discharge the fluid from said buckets substantially parallel to the receiving portions of sai'ol buckets, the curved bucket bottoms being obliquely recessed at their'rearward portions to equalize the fluid streams pass ing therethrough.

3Q. The elastic fiuid turbine wheel provided wit-h inclined partitions formingthc sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets, said bucket sides being Warped backward from their admission portions, the

curved bucket bottoms being obliquely re ccssed at their rearward portions to equalize the fluid streams passing therethrough.

3?. The elastic fluid turbine Wheel pro vided with inclined partitions forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets, said bucketsides being warped, t-he curved bucket bottoms being recessed `to equalize the fluid streams passing there through. Y

34. The e.lastic.fluid turbine wheel provided with inclined partitions forming thesides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets, said bucket sides being Warped backward throughout part of their length.

The elastic fluid turbine wheel provided with integral inclined partitions torm ing the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets, said bucket sides being warped.

3G. The elastic fluid turbine wheel having an integral cast rim provided with inclined partitions forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets, said bucket sides being substantially7 uniformly warped backward from their admission portions, thev curved bucket bottomsbcing obliquely recessed at their rearwax'dportions vto equalize the fluid streams passing therethrough.-

3T. The elastic fluid turbine wheel having an integral cast.` rim provided with inclined partitions forming the sides of an annular series ot' lapping curved buckets, said bucket sides heilig warped backward from their admission portions.

S8. The elastic fluid turbine wheel having a rim provided with inclined partitions forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets, said bucket sides heilig warped backward throughout part of their length.

39. ln elasticfluid turbines, a'longit-udiiiall'v divided casing provided with partitions forming wheel chambers, an annular y ber, said casing having alined nozzle aper` 'tures formed in said partitions and nozzle -admission passage formed in said casing, the

high pressure wheel chamber co erating with said admission passage being o greater diameter than another Wheel'chamber, said casing lhaving alined nozzle 'aperturesformed in said partitions and nozzle apertu resin the high pressure wheel chamber be- )ond the body of said casing, a. shaft carry- -ing buckcted turbine Wheels in said chambers, and a series of nozzles coperating. with said nozzle apertures.

41. In elastic Huid turbines, a longitudil nally divided casing provided with partitions forming wheel chambers, said casing being formed with alined telltale passages .,in the meetingedges of some of said partitions, p acking interposed between the sections of said easing, a transversetelltale hole being formed through said easing and packing to join said telltale passages and a telltale valve connected to said hole to coritrol the discharge of material from said telltale passages.

42. In elastic fiuid turbines, a longitudinally divided casing provided with partitions forming wheel chambers, said casing being formed with telltale passages in the meeting edges of some of said partitions, a transverse telltale hole being formed through lsaid casing to join said telltale passages. A

43. In elastic fluid turbines, a longitudinallv divided casing provided with partitions forming wheel chambers, said casing being formed with telltale passages in the meeting edges of some of saidfpartitions.'

44. A longitudinally divided casing provided with |'artitionsforming wheel chambers for elastic fluid turbines or the like,` said easivg being formed with a telltale passage in tht` meeting edges of some of said partitions, and a telltale .valve to control thc discharge of material from said telltale passage.

45. A divided-easing provided with parttions. said casing being formed with a telltale {',assage in the meeting edges of some "of said partitions.

46. In elastic fluid turbines, al longitudinally divided casing provided with partit-ions forming wheel chambers and having alined nozzle-apertures in said partitions, turbine wheels in said chambers, a series of supporting nozzlesand connected nozzle members having interlocking connecting members and retainers to hold said nozzles in said nozzle apertures and comprising a threaded stein to engage-each nozzle member and a eoopera'ting relatively .adjustable spider having alining lugs coperating with an alined nozzle aperture in another of said partitions.

47. In elastic fiuid turbines, a longitudinally divided casin provided with partitions forming whee chambers and having alined nozzle apertures in said partitions, turbine wheels in said chambers, a series of support-ing nozzles and connected nozzle members, retainers to hold said nozzles in said nozzle apertures and cdinprising .astem to engage each nozzle member anda cooperating relatively adjust-able spider having alining lugs coperating with an alined .nozzle aperture in another of said partitions.

48. In elastic fluid turbines, a casingyprovided with partitions forming wheel chambers and having alined nozzle apertures in'siid partitions, turbine Wheels in said chambers, a

series of supporting nozzles and connected nozzle members, retainers to hold said nozzles in said nozzle apertures and comprising a stem and a coperating relatively adjustable spider in another of said partitions.

49. In elastic fluid turbines, a longitudinally 'divided casin provided with partitions forming whee chambers and having alined nozzlc'apertures in Said partitions, turbine wheels in said chambers having interlocking connecting members, retainers to hold said nozzles in said nozzle apertures and comprising a stem to engage each nozzle member and v-a coperating relativelyA adjustable spider having alining lugs coperating with an alined nozzle aperture.

50. ln elastic fluid turbines, aA casing provided with partitions forming wheel chambers and having alined nozzle apertures in said partitions, turbine wheels in said chambers, a series of nozzles, retainers to hold said nozzles in said nozzle apertures and comprising a stem to engage cach nozzle member and a coperating relatively ad'justable spider having alining lugs coperating with ain-alined nozzle aperture.

51. In elastic tiuid turbines, a casing provided with partitions forming wheel chambers and having alined nozzle apertures in said partitions. turbine wheels in said chambers, a Aseries of nozzles, retainers to hold said nozzles in said nozzle apertures and comprising a stem to engage each nozzle member and a coperating relativelyv adjustable member copera ting with an alined a pprture.

52. In 4elastic fluid turbines, acasing rer.

vided with partitions forming a'"w1eel chamber and having alined .nozzle aper- 1b 'sai d .parutions, a turbine wheel in said chamfrom one end of said casing.

i nally dividedcasing there-being partitions .'20

'coperating with a connecting -socket in an A80' adjacetthe side of -one of said casing sectin'g member of,

. member on each of. said'nozzle' members co- 'acent nozzle member adjacent the support- I. so

Y with' an'alined aperture.

fing astem -toengage said nozzle-member land 'adapted to be engagedby an oper-:ting .i

ed adjacent 'the side ofone of said casing of the adjacent nozzle member;

` adjacent' nozzle member.

-ber,a nozzle,'a retainerto hold-said nozzle 1n one-of said nozzle apertures' and compris- .device inserted through :an alined aperture.

54; Inelastic uid turbines,'ajlongitudi-Y formed fin the casing 'sections vand having nozzle a rtures in said partitions, a bucket#` ed Whee and wheelshaft coperating-with. said casing, a' series ofsupporting' .nozzle members and connected'nozzle tubes" mounted n's'aid nozzle apertures a connectin member on each of said nozzle members oosely adjacent nozzle member adjacent thesup--I rting-nozzle tube thereof to allow circuma rentxal expansion and asupport-fmountedf tions to support -th'e connec the adjacent nozzle member..

55; In elastic il id turbines, a Vlongitudi- 'nally dividedcasin'g there'l vbeing partitions formedin the Vcasin sectionsrand having "nozzle apertures` in sind partitions, a bucketl.ed wheel and wheel'shaft coperating with said casing', aseries of supporting nozzle members and connected nozzle tubes mounted in 4said nozzle apertures, a connecting operating with a connecting socket in an adlng nozzle tube thereof and a support mountsections to .support the connecting member 56. In elastic fluid turbines, a. longitudinally dividedcasing there being partitions formed in the casing sectionsand having nozzle apertures in said artitions, a bucketed wheel andwheel sha' t coperating with said casing, a series of 4supporting nozzle members and connected nozzle tubes mount.1 ed in said nozzle apertures, a connecting member on each of said nozzle members co- "perating with a connectin'gVsocket in an :57. In elastic luldv turbines, a longitudinally divdedlc'asing formed with partitions there being nozzle apertures in said partitions,- a`buckcted Wheel and Wheel shaft.

coperati'ng .with`said casing, a series'of' nozzle members and connected nozzle'tubes mounted hin said' nozzle -apertures, a connect ingjmember on each'ofsaidnozzle members coperatmgwith a connecting -member .on

an adjacentnozzle lmember -adjacentthe supporting nozzletube thereof to holdv said nozzle membersV in alinement v'vhile supported from said nozzle tubes.v

58.A In elastic fluid turbines, a casing formed with partitions .there bein apertures in, said artitions, a ucketed wheel and wheel sha t ciperating .with said casing, a'seriesof nqzzlermembers and con-l nected nozzle tubes mountedm said nozzlenozzle apertures, a connecting' memberl on each-oit-`l said nozzle members cdperating with' a" connecting -member v(man adjacent nozzle memberto hold saidl nozzle members in tubes.

'.alinement 'while supportedfrom said nozzle 59. I'n elastic ,fluid turbines,\`a casin l `formed with partitions, a .bucketed whee :and Wheel shaftcoperating with said casing, a. series of nozzle members and connected' nozzle tubes mounted insai'd `casin a connecting member o`n each 'of said nozz e members coperating with a' connecting member onl an adjacent nozzle.; member to hold said nozzle members 1n alinement while supported from said nozzle tubes. 60. Inelastic fluid. turbines, a casing, -a

buckete'd wheel and-wheel shaft c'operating .with said casing, a seriesof nozzle members and connected nozzle :tubes mounted 1n said casing and a connecting memberon. each of said nozzle members 'coperating with'a connecting socket in an adjacent nozzle member.

461. In elastic fluid turbines, a casing, abucketed wheel and wheel shaft coperat-l.

ing with said casing, a series ofinozzle members comprising return passages and connected nozzle l.tubes mounted in" said casin and a connecting member on i*each of sai nozzle members coperating" with aco'nnectlng .socket in 'an adjacentnoz'zlemember.

62. In elastic fluid turbines, a casin formed with partitions, a bucketed whee and wheel shaftco ratin lwith said casing, a series of' nozz e mem rs 'comprising return passages and connectednozzle tubes.

mounted in'said casing, a connecting memberl on each of said nozzle 'members Cof .63. -In elastic fluid t bines, a casing, a bucketed wlieel-coperating with said caslng a series of nozzle members.. and connecte nozzle tubes mounted in said casing and means on one of said nozzle membersjgand.

interlockingfwith an adjacent. nozzle-member to promote the alinement of said nozzle members. p I

"64. In elastic fluid turbines', a casing, a bncketed wheel coperating with said cas` operating with a connectin member on adjacent nozzlemember -to old said. nozzlemembers in alinementwhile.'supported from ing, a series of nozzle members each having adjacent one end a connected nozzle supported from said casing and means adjacent the o ther end of one ofsaid nozzle members and cooperating with anothernozzle member to support such other.end of said nozzle vided withwarped sides.

:sion portions to -have the discharge member.

' 65. 1n elastic fluid tubes a turbine Wheel provided with inclined partitions forming the sides of an annular seriesof lapping curved buckets in the circumferential portion of'said wheel, said partitionshaving beveled rear edges at. the admission portions ot' said buckets and having beveled frontedges at the discharge portions of said buckets, said bucket sides being substantially unformly warped backward from their admission portions to have the'discharge portion of each bucket at a different angle from its admission portion and a nozzle member cooperating with said Wheel and having a series of) advancing return passages proes. Ia elastic Huid turbines, a turbine wheel provided with inclined partitions 'forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curvedbuckts in said Wheel, said partitions having beveled rear edges at the admission portions of said buckets and having beveled front edges at the discharge ortions of said buckets, said bucket sides eing warped backward from their admisortions of each bucket at a diierent angle rom its admission portion, and a nozzle member coperating with said Wheel and` having a series of advancing return passages provided with warped sides.

67.l'n elastic fluid turbines, a turbine wheel provided with inclined lpartitions forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets in said wheel, said bucket sides being warped backward throughout part of their length to have the discharge portion of each bucket at a Adifferent angle from its admission portion, and a. nozzle member coperating with said wheel and having a series ofadvancing re J turn passa-ges provided with warped sides.

68. In elastic fluid turbines, a turbine' wheel provided with Ainclined partitions forming the sides of an annular` series of lapping curved buckets in said wheel, said bucket sides being warped to have the discharge portion of each bucket at a different angle from its admission portion, and a nozzle member coperating with said Wheel and having a series of advancing return passages provided with warped sides, the edges of said bucket partitions at the receiving and discharge portions of said wheel buckets and also the edges of the receiving and returning portions of said return passages all be- 5 ing parallel to one another.

69. The elastic duid turbine wheel provided with inclined partitions forming the sides of an Aannular series of lapping curved buckets of said wheel, saidpartitions having beveled rear edges at the admission portions of said buckets and having beveled front edges at the discharge portions of said -bucket-s, said bucket sides being warped backward-from their admission portions to have the discharge portion yof each bucket at a different angle from its admission portion.

70. The elastic uid turbine wheel provided with inclined partitions forming the .sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets of said wheel, said bucket sides being 'warped backward throughout part-of their length to have the discharge portion of each bucket at a different angle. from its admission portion.

71. The elastic fiuid turbine wheel provided withinclincd partitions forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets, said partitions having beveled rear edges at the admission portions of said buckets and having beveled front edges at the discharge portions of said buckets, said bucket sides being bent backward from their admissionportions to have the discharge portion of each bucket at a different angle from its admission portion.

-72.-The elastic fiuid turbine wheel provided with inclined partitions forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets, said bucket sides being twarped backward to have the discharge portion of cach bucket at a different angle from its admission portion.

73. The elastic fiuid turbine wheel provided with inclined partitions forming the Vsides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets 1nv the circumferential portion o said wheel, said bucket sides being substantially uniformly warped backward from their admission portions to trave the discharge portion of each bucket at a different angle from its admission portion, the edges of said partitions being substantially parallel at the receiving and discharge portions of said wheel buckets.

74C. The elastic -fluid turbine Wheel provided with inclined partitions forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets in the circumferential portion of; said wheel, said bucket sides being warped backward to have the discharge portion of each bucket at a different angle bfrom its admission portion, the edges of said partitions being substantially parallel at the receiving and discharge portions of said wheel buckets.

75. The elastic iud turbine Wheel provided with inclined .partitions forming the sides of an annular series of lapping curved buckets in the circumferential portion of said wheel, said bucket sides being bent backward from their admission portions to sides of an annular series of lapping curved have the discharge portionof each bucket buckets, the curved bucket bottoms being reat a different angle from its admission porccssed'to equalize the streams of lidpassl0 tioxndthe 'curyled blcket bottomfsbeiig reing therethrough'. cesse to equa ize t e streams o ui pass- 4 ing therethrough. CHARLES BILMIS REARICK.

76. The elastic fiuid turbine Wheel pro- Witnesses: i

HARRY L. DUNCAN,

vided with inclined partitions forming the Jnssm B. KM'. 

